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History of Baltimore, Maryland:
During The 17th Century, Various Towns Called "Baltimore" Were Founded As Commercial Ports At Various Locations On The Upper Chesapeake Bay. The Present City Dates From July 30, 1729 And Is Named After Cćcilius Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore Who Was The First Proprietary Governor Of The Province Of Maryland. Baltimore Grew Swiftly In The Mid-late 18th Century As The Granary For Sugar Producing Colonies In The Caribbean. The Value Of Sugar Encouraged The Maximum Possible Cultivation Of Cane And The Importation Of Food. The Relatively Shorter Distance Between Baltimore And The Caribbean Colonies Allowed Swift Transport And Minimized The Spoilage Of Flour.
Baltimore's Harbor Is The Location Of Fort McHenry, Which Came Under Attack By British Forces In The War Of 1812 And Whose Defense Inspired Francis Scott Key To Write The Poem, "The Star-Spangled Banner," Which Furnishes The Lyrics To The United States National Anthem.
Baltimore Became An Independent City In 1851, Being Detached From Baltimore County At That Time.
During The Civil War, Maryland Was Officially Part Of The Union But Kept Slavery Legal. Many, If Not Most, People In Baltimore At The Time Were Sympathetic To The Confederacy. Pro-Southern Sentiment Led To The Baltimore Riot Of 1861 When Union Soldiers Marched Through The City. After The Riot, Union Troops Occupied Baltimore And Maryland Came Under Direct Federal Administration — In Part, To Prevent The State From Seceding — Until The End Of The War In April 1865.
Baltimore's Inner HarborThe Great Baltimore Fire On February 7, 1904 Destroyed Over 1,500 Buildings In 30 Hours.
Baltimore Is The Location Of The Baltimore World Trade Center, The World's Tallest Equilateral Five-sided Building (the Five-sided JPMorganChase Tower In Houston, Texas Is Taller, But Has Unequal Sides).
Baltimore Is Also The Location Of Pimlico Race Course, The Home Of The Preakness Stakes, The Second Leg Of The Triple Crown Of Thoroughbred Racing. The Preakness Has Been Run Since 1873.
Many Scenes From The 1972 Cult Classic Film Pink Flamingos Were Shot In The City's Waverly Section (the Film Was Made By John Waters, A Baltimore Native).
In Recent Years, Efforts To Redevelop The Downtown Area Have Led To A Revitalization Of The Inner Harbor. In 1979 The Baltimore Convention Center Was Opened And Was Subsequently Renovated And Expanded In 1996. Harborplace, A Modern Urban Retail And Restaurant Complex, Was Opened On The Waterfront In 1980, Followed By The National Aquarium In Baltimore, Maryland's Largest Tourist Destination, In 1981. In 1992, The Baltimore Orioles Of Major League Baseball Moved Downtown To Oriole Park At Camden Yards, And Six Years Later The Baltimore Ravens Of The National Football League Moved Next Door Into The Newly Renamed M&T Bank Stadium, Formerly Known As PSINet Stadium Until PSINet Went Bankrupt.
On October 2, 1996, Baltimore Became The First City In The United States To Adopt 311 As A Non-emergency "hot Line" Telephone Number, In Order To Reserve The Use Of 911 For Genuine Emergencies. The Concept Has Been Highly Successful, And Numerous Other American Municipalities Have Since Implemented The Practice.
A 60-car Train Derailment Occurred In A Tunnel In Baltimore On July 18, 2001. The Derailment Sparked A Chemical Fire That Raged For Six Days And Virtually Shut Down The Downtown Area Until The Heat Caused A Water Main To Rupture, Largely Extinguishing The Fire But Also Causing Significant Flooding In The Streets Above. Three Weeks Later, Manhole Covers Flew Into The Air As Underground Explosions Along West Pratt Street Followed Due To Residual Explosive Chemicals From The Fire Left In The Sewers.
In 2003, The Baltimore Development Corporation Announced That Three Hotel Projects Were Being Reviewed. The Hotel Is Expected To Be Built Near The Baltimore Convention Center. The City Of Baltimore Hopes To Have It Finished And Opened By 2005 Or 2006.
Also In 2003, Baltimore Was Affected By Hurricane Isabel From Flooding As A Result Of Tidal Surge, Affecting Primarily The Fells Point Community And The Inner Harbor And Surrounding Low Areas. Many Places Were Flooded Including The Sports Center ESPN Zone The Baltimore World Trade Center (The World Trade Center Remained Closed For Approximately A Month During Cleanup Efforts) And Most Of The Inner Harbor. Water Levels Rose Some 20 Feet In Areas, Flooding Underground Parking Garages And Displacing Thousands Of Cubic Yards Of Trash And Debris.
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